Filed under: Federal Employees
Business days calculator: count or add business days, skipping weekends and US federal holidays
A business day here is a Monday to Friday that is not a federal holiday on the day OPM lists as observed. The calculator counts the business days between two dates, or finds the date a number of business days after or before a start date, and lists the federal holidays it left out. It covers January 1, 2026 to December 31, 2030, and a switch counts weekdays only.
Business days calculator
Enter a start date and an end date to count business days.
- Saturdays and Sundays and the federal holiday dates listed for January 1, 2026 to December 31, 2030 are not counted.
- The start date is included and the end date is included; an included date counts if it is a business day.
- Employer closures, shift patterns and local holidays are not known to the calculator.
How the count works, and the defaults
- Count between two dates: both the start date and the end date are included by default. An included date counts as one business day if it is a Monday to Friday and not an observed federal holiday; untick either box to leave that date out. If the end date is before the start date the two dates are swapped.
- Add or subtract: the start date is never counted. Day 1 is the next business day after it (or the previous one when subtracting). With 0 the start date is returned unchanged.
- Which holidays: the federal holidays on the days OPM lists, January 1, 2026 to December 31, 2030. A date outside that range gives an error message; the days outside it are never counted as business days. With the weekends-only switch on, the range is 1900 to 2199.
- Not included: employer closures, state holidays, bank, stock market and postal calendars, and any rule that counts days by its own method.
OPM’s Federal Holidays page says:
“Federal law (5 U.S.C. 6103) establishes the public holidays listed in these pages for Federal employees. Please note that most Federal employees work on a Monday through Friday schedule. For these employees, when a holiday falls on a nonworkday -- Saturday or Sunday -- the holiday usually is observed on Monday (if the holiday falls on Sunday) or Friday (if the holiday falls on Saturday).”
The calculator skips the observed weekday and lists the calendar date next to it. OPM’s 2029 table notes that Inauguration Day, January 20, 2029, falls on a Saturday and that Federal employees in the Washington, DC, area are entitled to a holiday on the day a President is inaugurated; a Saturday is not a business day in this calculator either way.
Bank, stock market and state calendars are different
Federal holidays are not the holidays of every bank, market or state. OPM’s list is for Federal employees; the Federal Reserve Banks, NYSE, state governments and employers each follow their own calendars, and those can differ from it, in either direction. This calculator does not apply them. FedRateCalc lists them separately: federal holidays 2026, bank holidays 2026 and stock market holidays; for one day at a time, are banks open today.
These 2026 dates show the difference, using the lists FedRateCalc’s stock market holidays and bank holidays pages hold:
| Date | Skipped by this calculator | On the NYSE holiday list | On the Federal Reserve Banks holiday list |
|---|---|---|---|
| Friday, April 3, 2026: Good Friday | No | Yes | No |
| Friday, July 3, 2026: Independence Day, observed | Yes | Yes | No |
| Monday, October 12, 2026: Columbus Day | Yes | No | Yes |
| Wednesday, November 11, 2026: Veterans Day | Yes | No | Yes |
Example: the week of Independence Day 2026
Saturday, July 4, 2026 is a Saturday, so OPM’s list observes Independence Day on Friday, July 3, 2026. The same dates, counted two ways, and a short add, using the calculator’s code:
| Request | Skipping weekends and federal holidays | Weekends only |
|---|---|---|
| Business days, June 29, 2026 to July 3, 2026, both dates included | 4 | 5 |
| 5 business days after Tuesday, December 22, 2026 | Wednesday, December 30, 2026 | Tuesday, December 29, 2026 |
Federal holidays on the days the calculator skips them, 2026 to 2030
These are the dates the calculator skips. They match the tables on OPM’s Federal Holidays page for 2026 to 2030, as retrieved on November 1, 2026. A holiday that falls on a Saturday or Sunday is shown on its observed weekday, with the calendar date in the note.
| Observed date | Holiday | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Thursday, January 1, 2026 | New Year's Day | |
| Monday, January 19, 2026 | Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. | |
| Monday, February 16, 2026 | Washington's Birthday | |
| Monday, May 25, 2026 | Memorial Day | |
| Friday, June 19, 2026 | Juneteenth National Independence Day | |
| Friday, July 3, 2026 | Independence Day (observed) | Falls on Saturday, July 4, 2026; federal offices observe it on Friday, July 3, 2026 |
| Monday, September 7, 2026 | Labor Day | |
| Monday, October 12, 2026 | Columbus Day | |
| Wednesday, November 11, 2026 | Veterans Day | |
| Thursday, November 26, 2026 | Thanksgiving Day | |
| Friday, December 25, 2026 | Christmas Day | |
| Friday, January 1, 2027 | New Year's Day | |
| Monday, January 18, 2027 | Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. | |
| Monday, February 15, 2027 | Washington's Birthday | |
| Monday, May 31, 2027 | Memorial Day | |
| Friday, June 18, 2027 | Juneteenth National Independence Day (observed) | Falls on Saturday, June 19, 2027; federal offices observe it on Friday, June 18, 2027 |
| Monday, July 5, 2027 | Independence Day (observed) | Falls on Sunday, July 4, 2027; federal offices observe it on Monday, July 5, 2027 |
| Monday, September 6, 2027 | Labor Day | |
| Monday, October 11, 2027 | Columbus Day | |
| Thursday, November 11, 2027 | Veterans Day | |
| Thursday, November 25, 2027 | Thanksgiving Day | |
| Friday, December 24, 2027 | Christmas Day (observed) | Falls on Saturday, December 25, 2027; federal offices observe it on Friday, December 24, 2027 |
| Friday, December 31, 2027 | New Year's Day (observed) | Falls on Saturday, January 1, 2028; federal offices observe it on Friday, December 31, 2027 |
| Monday, January 17, 2028 | Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. | |
| Monday, February 21, 2028 | Washington's Birthday | |
| Monday, May 29, 2028 | Memorial Day | |
| Monday, June 19, 2028 | Juneteenth National Independence Day | |
| Tuesday, July 4, 2028 | Independence Day | |
| Monday, September 4, 2028 | Labor Day | |
| Monday, October 9, 2028 | Columbus Day | |
| Friday, November 10, 2028 | Veterans Day (observed) | Falls on Saturday, November 11, 2028; federal offices observe it on Friday, November 10, 2028 |
| Thursday, November 23, 2028 | Thanksgiving Day | |
| Monday, December 25, 2028 | Christmas Day | |
| Monday, January 1, 2029 | New Year's Day | |
| Monday, January 15, 2029 | Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. | |
| Monday, February 19, 2029 | Washington's Birthday | |
| Monday, May 28, 2029 | Memorial Day | |
| Tuesday, June 19, 2029 | Juneteenth National Independence Day | |
| Wednesday, July 4, 2029 | Independence Day | |
| Monday, September 3, 2029 | Labor Day | |
| Monday, October 8, 2029 | Columbus Day | |
| Monday, November 12, 2029 | Veterans Day (observed) | Falls on Sunday, November 11, 2029; federal offices observe it on Monday, November 12, 2029 |
| Thursday, November 22, 2029 | Thanksgiving Day | |
| Tuesday, December 25, 2029 | Christmas Day | |
| Tuesday, January 1, 2030 | New Year's Day | |
| Monday, January 21, 2030 | Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. | |
| Monday, February 18, 2030 | Washington's Birthday | |
| Monday, May 27, 2030 | Memorial Day | |
| Wednesday, June 19, 2030 | Juneteenth National Independence Day | |
| Thursday, July 4, 2030 | Independence Day | |
| Monday, September 2, 2030 | Labor Day | |
| Monday, October 14, 2030 | Columbus Day | |
| Monday, November 11, 2030 | Veterans Day | |
| Thursday, November 28, 2030 | Thanksgiving Day | |
| Wednesday, December 25, 2030 | Christmas Day |
Frequently asked questions
What counts as a business day in this calculator?
Monday to Friday, except federal holidays on the day OPM’s Federal Holidays page lists as the observed day. OPM says federal law (5 U.S.C. 6103) establishes the holidays and that most Federal employees work Monday through Friday. A weekends-only switch counts every Monday to Friday instead.
What happens when a federal holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday?
OPM’s Federal Holidays page says that for employees on a Monday through Friday schedule, when a holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday the holiday usually is observed on Friday (if it falls on Saturday) or Monday (if it falls on Sunday). The calculator skips the observed weekday and lists the calendar date next to it.
Are bank, stock market and state holidays the same as federal holidays?
No. OPM’s Federal Holidays page lists the holidays for Federal employees. Bank, stock market and state government calendars are separate lists that differ from it, and this calculator does not apply them. FedRateCalc’s pages on bank holidays, stock market holidays and “are banks open” list those calendars on their own.
Which years does the business days calculator cover?
It covers January 1, 2026 to December 31, 2030, the years for which OPM’s Federal Holidays page printed holiday tables in the copy FedRateCalc retrieved on November 1, 2026. A date outside that range gives an error instead of counting the missing holidays as business days.
Are the start and end dates included in the count?
By default, yes: the start date and the end date each count if it is a weekday that OPM does not list as an observed holiday. Unticking a box leaves that date out of the count. When adding or subtracting business days the start date is never counted, so day 1 is the next business day.
Does the count change when a holiday is on the start or end date?
A federal holiday is never a business day in this calculator, so a start or end date on a holiday adds nothing to the count even when it is included. OPM’s Federal Holidays page says the holiday usually is observed on Friday or Monday when it falls on a weekend, and the observed weekday is the one skipped.
More federal holiday and pay pages
Sources
The holiday dates come from the federal holiday rules in 5 U.S.C. 6103 as OPM lists them; OPM’s page was read from a copy retrieved on November 1, 2026.
Reviewed November 5, 2026. FedRateCalc is not affiliated with OPM or any federal agency; OPM’s Federal Holidays page is the official source, and any later change it publishes overrides this site.