Filed under: Federal Employees

Business days calculator: count or add business days, skipping weekends and US federal holidays

A business day here is a Monday to Friday that is not a federal holiday on the day OPM lists as observed. The calculator counts the business days between two dates, or finds the date a number of business days after or before a start date, and lists the federal holidays it left out. It covers January 1, 2026 to December 31, 2030, and a switch counts weekdays only.

Business days calculator

What to work out

Enter a start date and an end date to count business days.

  • Saturdays and Sundays and the federal holiday dates listed for January 1, 2026 to December 31, 2030 are not counted.
  • The start date is included and the end date is included; an included date counts if it is a business day.
  • Employer closures, shift patterns and local holidays are not known to the calculator.

How the count works, and the defaults

  • Count between two dates: both the start date and the end date are included by default. An included date counts as one business day if it is a Monday to Friday and not an observed federal holiday; untick either box to leave that date out. If the end date is before the start date the two dates are swapped.
  • Add or subtract: the start date is never counted. Day 1 is the next business day after it (or the previous one when subtracting). With 0 the start date is returned unchanged.
  • Which holidays: the federal holidays on the days OPM lists, January 1, 2026 to December 31, 2030. A date outside that range gives an error message; the days outside it are never counted as business days. With the weekends-only switch on, the range is 1900 to 2199.
  • Not included: employer closures, state holidays, bank, stock market and postal calendars, and any rule that counts days by its own method.

OPM’s Federal Holidays page says:

“Federal law (5 U.S.C. 6103) establishes the public holidays listed in these pages for Federal employees. Please note that most Federal employees work on a Monday through Friday schedule. For these employees, when a holiday falls on a nonworkday -- Saturday or Sunday -- the holiday usually is observed on Monday (if the holiday falls on Sunday) or Friday (if the holiday falls on Saturday).”
U.S. Office of Personnel Management, Federal Holidays, retrieved November 1, 2026

The calculator skips the observed weekday and lists the calendar date next to it. OPM’s 2029 table notes that Inauguration Day, January 20, 2029, falls on a Saturday and that Federal employees in the Washington, DC, area are entitled to a holiday on the day a President is inaugurated; a Saturday is not a business day in this calculator either way.

Bank, stock market and state calendars are different

Federal holidays are not the holidays of every bank, market or state. OPM’s list is for Federal employees; the Federal Reserve Banks, NYSE, state governments and employers each follow their own calendars, and those can differ from it, in either direction. This calculator does not apply them. FedRateCalc lists them separately: federal holidays 2026, bank holidays 2026 and stock market holidays; for one day at a time, are banks open today.

These 2026 dates show the difference, using the lists FedRateCalc’s stock market holidays and bank holidays pages hold:

2026 dates on which the federal holiday list, the NYSE holiday list and the Federal Reserve Banks holiday list differ
DateSkipped by this calculatorOn the NYSE holiday listOn the Federal Reserve Banks holiday list
Friday, April 3, 2026: Good FridayNoYesNo
Friday, July 3, 2026: Independence Day, observedYesYesNo
Monday, October 12, 2026: Columbus DayYesNoYes
Wednesday, November 11, 2026: Veterans DayYesNoYes

Example: the week of Independence Day 2026

Saturday, July 4, 2026 is a Saturday, so OPM’s list observes Independence Day on Friday, July 3, 2026. The same dates, counted two ways, and a short add, using the calculator’s code:

Business days with and without federal holidays for two example requests
RequestSkipping weekends and federal holidaysWeekends only
Business days, June 29, 2026 to July 3, 2026, both dates included45
5 business days after Tuesday, December 22, 2026Wednesday, December 30, 2026Tuesday, December 29, 2026

Federal holidays on the days the calculator skips them, 2026 to 2030

These are the dates the calculator skips. They match the tables on OPM’s Federal Holidays page for 2026 to 2030, as retrieved on November 1, 2026. A holiday that falls on a Saturday or Sunday is shown on its observed weekday, with the calendar date in the note.

Federal holidays on observed dates, 2026 to 2030
Observed dateHolidayNote
Thursday, January 1, 2026New Year's Day
Monday, January 19, 2026Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Monday, February 16, 2026Washington's Birthday
Monday, May 25, 2026Memorial Day
Friday, June 19, 2026Juneteenth National Independence Day
Friday, July 3, 2026Independence Day (observed)Falls on Saturday, July 4, 2026; federal offices observe it on Friday, July 3, 2026
Monday, September 7, 2026Labor Day
Monday, October 12, 2026Columbus Day
Wednesday, November 11, 2026Veterans Day
Thursday, November 26, 2026Thanksgiving Day
Friday, December 25, 2026Christmas Day
Friday, January 1, 2027New Year's Day
Monday, January 18, 2027Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Monday, February 15, 2027Washington's Birthday
Monday, May 31, 2027Memorial Day
Friday, June 18, 2027Juneteenth National Independence Day (observed)Falls on Saturday, June 19, 2027; federal offices observe it on Friday, June 18, 2027
Monday, July 5, 2027Independence Day (observed)Falls on Sunday, July 4, 2027; federal offices observe it on Monday, July 5, 2027
Monday, September 6, 2027Labor Day
Monday, October 11, 2027Columbus Day
Thursday, November 11, 2027Veterans Day
Thursday, November 25, 2027Thanksgiving Day
Friday, December 24, 2027Christmas Day (observed)Falls on Saturday, December 25, 2027; federal offices observe it on Friday, December 24, 2027
Friday, December 31, 2027New Year's Day (observed)Falls on Saturday, January 1, 2028; federal offices observe it on Friday, December 31, 2027
Monday, January 17, 2028Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Monday, February 21, 2028Washington's Birthday
Monday, May 29, 2028Memorial Day
Monday, June 19, 2028Juneteenth National Independence Day
Tuesday, July 4, 2028Independence Day
Monday, September 4, 2028Labor Day
Monday, October 9, 2028Columbus Day
Friday, November 10, 2028Veterans Day (observed)Falls on Saturday, November 11, 2028; federal offices observe it on Friday, November 10, 2028
Thursday, November 23, 2028Thanksgiving Day
Monday, December 25, 2028Christmas Day
Monday, January 1, 2029New Year's Day
Monday, January 15, 2029Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Monday, February 19, 2029Washington's Birthday
Monday, May 28, 2029Memorial Day
Tuesday, June 19, 2029Juneteenth National Independence Day
Wednesday, July 4, 2029Independence Day
Monday, September 3, 2029Labor Day
Monday, October 8, 2029Columbus Day
Monday, November 12, 2029Veterans Day (observed)Falls on Sunday, November 11, 2029; federal offices observe it on Monday, November 12, 2029
Thursday, November 22, 2029Thanksgiving Day
Tuesday, December 25, 2029Christmas Day
Tuesday, January 1, 2030New Year's Day
Monday, January 21, 2030Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Monday, February 18, 2030Washington's Birthday
Monday, May 27, 2030Memorial Day
Wednesday, June 19, 2030Juneteenth National Independence Day
Thursday, July 4, 2030Independence Day
Monday, September 2, 2030Labor Day
Monday, October 14, 2030Columbus Day
Monday, November 11, 2030Veterans Day
Thursday, November 28, 2030Thanksgiving Day
Wednesday, December 25, 2030Christmas Day

Frequently asked questions

What counts as a business day in this calculator?

Monday to Friday, except federal holidays on the day OPM’s Federal Holidays page lists as the observed day. OPM says federal law (5 U.S.C. 6103) establishes the holidays and that most Federal employees work Monday through Friday. A weekends-only switch counts every Monday to Friday instead.

What happens when a federal holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday?

OPM’s Federal Holidays page says that for employees on a Monday through Friday schedule, when a holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday the holiday usually is observed on Friday (if it falls on Saturday) or Monday (if it falls on Sunday). The calculator skips the observed weekday and lists the calendar date next to it.

Are bank, stock market and state holidays the same as federal holidays?

No. OPM’s Federal Holidays page lists the holidays for Federal employees. Bank, stock market and state government calendars are separate lists that differ from it, and this calculator does not apply them. FedRateCalc’s pages on bank holidays, stock market holidays and “are banks open” list those calendars on their own.

Which years does the business days calculator cover?

It covers January 1, 2026 to December 31, 2030, the years for which OPM’s Federal Holidays page printed holiday tables in the copy FedRateCalc retrieved on November 1, 2026. A date outside that range gives an error instead of counting the missing holidays as business days.

Are the start and end dates included in the count?

By default, yes: the start date and the end date each count if it is a weekday that OPM does not list as an observed holiday. Unticking a box leaves that date out of the count. When adding or subtracting business days the start date is never counted, so day 1 is the next business day.

Does the count change when a holiday is on the start or end date?

A federal holiday is never a business day in this calculator, so a start or end date on a holiday adds nothing to the count even when it is included. OPM’s Federal Holidays page says the holiday usually is observed on Friday or Monday when it falls on a weekend, and the observed weekday is the one skipped.

More federal holiday and pay pages

Sources

The holiday dates come from the federal holiday rules in 5 U.S.C. 6103 as OPM lists them; OPM’s page was read from a copy retrieved on November 1, 2026.

Reviewed November 5, 2026. FedRateCalc is not affiliated with OPM or any federal agency; OPM’s Federal Holidays page is the official source, and any later change it publishes overrides this site.